Day 3 :
- Track 7: Weight Loss and Preventive Measures Track 8: Tailoring Lifestyle Approaches for Healthy Future
Chair
Yusuf Ozturk
Anadolu University,Turkey
Session Introduction
Yusuf Ozturk
Anadolu University, Turkey
Title: St. John’s wort is a metabolic enhancer to control weight gain
Time : 10:00-10:30
Biography:
Yusuf Ozturk has completed his PhD from Ankara University in 1985. He was the Former Director of Graduate Institute of Health and is now the Head of Department of Pharmacology and the Dean of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University. He has published more than 150 papers in reputed journals cited around 1600 times and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute. Participating many scientific juries, boards and commissions, he has various national and international awards and prizes, acknowledging top and distguished review service.
Abstract:
Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder being related to important health consequences as a risk for serious chronic diseases. In our laboratories, we have been performing various experiments on the pharmacological effects of St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum L; SJW) including metabolic and endocrine actions in animals. It has an effect on the body weight upon its subacute use. Acute and subacute administrations of SJW extracts seem to increase the bile secretion both in healthy and CCl4-pretreated rats. Choleretic activity observed in our studies is important in the utilization of lipids. Other studies are in general agreement with our findings i.e., hypolipidaemic activity of SJW have been reported in fructose-fed rats. SJW has also beneficial effects on the carbohydrate metabolism. Our studies have shown that SJW extracts normalize hyperglycaemia in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. This observation has been confirmed by the other laboratories which report blood glucose lowering and and blood insulin normalizing actions of SJW. Accordingly, beneficial effects of SJW extracts on insulin resistance and lipid metabolic disorder have been reported in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Additionally, we have observed a protective effect of SJW on the liver which is the center of metabolism. The hepatoprotective and choleretic activities observed in our laboratories are prominent in hypericin-rich fractions of SWJ extracts. Finally, antioxidant and tissue regerating effects of SWJ extracts are supportive activites observed. All together, findings stronlgy suggest that SJW may be important to control body weight being used for the ethnomedical management of metabolic disorders for many years.
Farid Saad
Bayer Pharma, Germany
Title: Hypogonadism, obesity and testosterone therapy
Time : 10:30-11:00
Biography:
Farid Saad worked for various pharmaceutical companies as specialist for reproductive endocrinology, pediatric endocrinology, andrology, endocrinology of male ageing, and hormonal male contraception in clinical development andrology, scientific and medical affairs. He currently works for Bayer Pharma in Berlin, Germany. He has authored and co-authored more than 100 peer-reviewed papers and more than 500 scientific abstracts. He received honorary Professorships in clinical research and endocrinology at Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE, and at Men’s Health Reproduction Study Center, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Abstract:
Adipose tissue produces substances that suppress testosterone production. Low testosterone leads to further accumulation of fat mass. This situation represents a vicious circle. In an ongoing registry study of 347 hypogonadal men (total testosterone ≤12.1 nmol/L and presence of hypogonadal symptoms) being treated with testosterone in a urology office in Germany, only 7.5% had normal weight (BMI <25 kg/m2) at baseline, 22.8% were overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2) and 69.8% obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). The same applies to waist circumference (WC): 4.3% with WC<94, 30.8% 94-101.9, and 64.8% ≥102 cm at baseline. This distribution seems representative for hypogonadal populations. Only when long-term studies (5 years) with injectable testosterone undecanoate (TU) appeared in 2013 and 2014, substantial and sustained weight loss became apparent. In a controlled study, 5-year treatment with TU in men with metabolic syndrome resulted in progressive weight loss of 15.4 kg and decrease in WC of 9.6 cm. In registry studies, patients lost weight in the same magnitude. In none of these studies, patients regained weight during the observation time. In a meta-analysis on TU, the magnitude of effects depends on baseline BMI, duration of treatment, and age. It can be hypothesized that increase in lean mass and behavioural changes are factors in achieving weight loss by testosterone treatment. In conclusion, testosterone may have the potential to decrease obesity in hypogonadal men in a meaningful and sustainable manner.
Azadeh Nadjarzadeh
Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Title: Traditional herbal remedies: Old things, new insights
Time : 11:30-12:00
Biography:
Azadeh Nadjarzadeh has studied nutrition in Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Currently she is working as a head of Nutrition Department of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences (Yazd, Iran). Also, she is the head of Nutrition and Food Security Research Centre. Her research interests are obesity, diabetes and infertility and the effect of dietary supplements on these conditions.
Abstract:
Obesity is a serious global health threat that has been associated with several chronic diseases. Some kinds of complementary medicine such as herbal medicine claim to help shed weight quickly. The effectiveness and safety of these products are under question. Certain herbs such as psyllium, green tea, yohimbe, bitter orange, guarana, and cumin may help in weight loss programs. But no herbal treatment can completely cure obesity without calorie restricted diets. We are going to present plenary discussion regarding the effectiveness of some traditional herbs in weight loss. In our recent clinical trial, we determined the effect of cumin powder as an adjuvant therapy in calorie restricted administered overweight/ obese women. According to our results, adding 3 gram/d of green cumin to a 500 calorie deficient diet resulted in more decrease in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, TG, Chol, LDL and increase in HDL compared to only calorie restricted diets (p<0.05). Percentage of fat mass decreased 14.64 and 4.91 in cumin and control groups respectively. We have not yet identified the exact components within this herb that are responsible for the effects. But its dietary fibre and some fatty acids may be the active components. It is important to know that simply adding herbs is unlikely to make any significant difference to a person’s weight without any change to diet and life style. In fact, such herbs can only be used as an aid through a weight loss program with the emphasis on energy intake and physical activity changes.
Rossella Oliva
Outpatient Service for the Treatment of Obesity and Eating Disorders, Italy
Title: Binge eating disorder and food addiction
Time : 12:00-12:30
Biography:
Rossella Oliva holds a Master’s degree in Neuroscience and Neuropsychological Rehabilitation. She has undertaken her internships in different centers and outpatient services for the treatment of eating disorders in Italy. She has attended a master practitioner in The National Centre for Eating Disorders in London and has conducted different research projects at the University of Padua. She’s now working in an outpatient service for the treatment of obesity and eating disorders in Venice and also attending a four-year specialization school in cognitive-neuropsychological psychotherapy.
Abstract:
Now-a-days obesity has become a serious and costly problem and it has reached epidemic proportions globally. One interesting hypothesis to explain the development of this condition involves the relatively young and controversial Food Addiction (FA) model, which looks at similarities between the behavioral indicators of addiction and Binge Eating Disorder (BED), such as diminished control over consumption and continued excessive consumption despite negative consequences. Exploring the food-addiction construct and the co-occurrence with BED, may improve the clinical understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity and eating disorders and may suggest future treatment pathways to reduce their incidence and complications. The purpose of our study was to explore the FA construct in ninety-four obese and overweight patients referring to our patient’s services in Italy. In particular, this research aimed; 1) to assess the correlation between the scoring of the YFAS (Yale Food Addiction Scale) and the scoring of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Binge Eating Scale (BES) and Three Factor Questionnaire (TFEQ) and 2) to explore the association between YFAS’s scoring and measures of eating disorder and associated psychopathology. Based on our results, Binge Eating Disorder (BED) and FA are related but do not totally overlap. Since the subset of BED patients classified as having food addiction with the YFAS appears to represent a more disturbed variant for identifying the person with food addiction-like behaviors could have important clinical implication for the optimization of the treatment.
John Lingley
Aspirations Fitness and Mindfulness Coaching, UK
Title: Mindful eating: Supporting us to effectively manage our weight
Biography:
John Lingley has worked in companies such as GE Healthcare and many public schools delivering well-being programs. These include presentations, fitness programs and workshops based on, stress management, mindfulness, meditation and weight management. He is currently delivering the Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy.
Abstract:
Mindfulness can develop much greater levels of self-awareness to our automatic, reactive patterns of eating mindlessly due to trying to cope with our troublesome thoughts, feelings and emotions. Mindful eating can enable us to become more aware of what we are eating, why we are eating, when we are eating and to recognize if we are even hungry at all. Present moment awareness empowers us to fuel our body with nutrients that supports us to take care of ourselves and our health. More importantly we can recognize what the triggers and responses are to eating food when we are not hungry. When we have identified what these triggers are we can seek alternative, more effective methods for dealing with them rather than using food. Mindfulness brings greater self-awareness and enables us to become more aware of the choices that we have in regard to food and habits. In addition, meditative practice can create spaces between the thoughts that we have and the actions that we take. Asking ourselves; ‘Is it my body that needs feeding or is it my soul?’ Is it beneficial to rediscovering what our true needs are? We can become aware that we need to feed our soul and live by our values by perhaps exercising, spending time socializing, helping someone in need or looking after a neighbor. These are invaluable actions that are important to having a healthy relationship with food and so effectively managing our weight.
Ilya Vinnikov
University of Heidelberg, Germany
Title: Hypothalamic microRNAs suppress development of obesity
Biography:
Ilya Vinnikov has earned his Doctoral degree in 2008 at the Internal Medicine I department of the University of Heidelberg. The following years he spent as a senior Postdoc at the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg. He explored different sites of the regulatory circuit maintaining energy homeostasis including the neurons of the arcuate and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus, midbrain dopaminergic neurons, and diabetes models. His main interest is to decipher how these complex heterogeneous structures within the brain interact with each other and with the periphery to regulate energy metabolism, both on subcellular, cellular and circuit levels.
Abstract:
Obesity is a growing epidemic characterized by an excess of fat content in the body. The contribution of neuronal microRNAs in the central control of metabolism is poorly studied. Using either AAV-vector derived or tamoxifen-inducible CamKII dependent Cre recombinases, we show that Dicer-dependent loss of microRNAs in the ARC neurons causes mTOR pathway activation and an imbalance in the levels of neuropeptides, resulting in severe hyperphagic adiposity. Similarly, the activation of mTOR due to Pten deletion in the adult forebrain leads to comparable weight increase. Conversely, delivery of the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin or specific microRNA mimics; predicted to target the mTOR pathway components, attenuate adiposity in mice lacking the Dicer1 gene in the forebrain. Our data indicate that non-coding RNAs, expressed in the hypothalamus, might be involved in the body weight control also in humans, which may have implications for treatment of the obesity syndrome. We propose a mechanism, in which microRNAs in the ARC inhibit the excessive activation of the insulin pathway, thus protecting from hyperphagia and obesity.
Roberto Gradini
Sapienza University School of Medicine, Italy
Title: Circadian nutrition in obese and overweight subjects with different body compositions
Biography:
Roberto Gradini is Associate Professor, General Pathology, Sapienza University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy (2001-2015). He is Director, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy (2007-2015), Visiting Scientist, Anestesiology, La Jolla Universiy, San Diego, USA (2010), Scientific Consultant, Neuroplasticity, University of Lille 1, France (2010-2011), Visiting Professor, Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA (2009). He is also a Scientific Consultant, Neuropharmacology, I.N.M. Neuromed, Pozzilli (2002-2015) and a Clinical Assistant Professor, General Pathology, Loyola University, Chicago, USA (1985-1993).
Abstract:
The aim of the study is to analyze, in the same BMI range, the effectiveness of a circadian nutritional program in subjects with different body compositions for the fat loss and the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass, and to verify whether the program allows keeping results in the long run. Data were collected from obese and overweight subjects. Changes over time of body composition using BIA-ACC (BioTekna, Venice, Italy) medical device, weight, body mass index, dietary habits, physical activity, health status and lifestyle, were taken into account. Number of subjects: 4120 (1648 males, 2472 females). The subjects were divided into 4 groups according to percentage of fat mass FM, percentage of skeletal muscle mass and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). All groups have adopted a circadian nutritional program for a period of six months as follows: Breakfast, glycemic load (GL): 40 to 60. Snack, GL: 20 to 30. Lunch, GL: 10 to 25. Snack, GL: 2 to 8. Dinner, GL: 0. At the end of the program, changes in weight and body composition were assessed. The first group showed the greater loss of fat mass and total weight. The groups 3 and 4 obtained fat mass loss and small loss of muscle mass. The second group showed the lesser loss of fat mass and total weight but with more muscle loss. This study highlights the importance in evaluating the body composition, and the crucial role of the muscle mass as a fundamental trigger in the metabolic modulation and regulation of energy expenditure.
Biography:
Binnur Okan Bakir graduated from Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, completed her Master of Science in Basic Medical Sciences and her PhD in Nutrition and Dietetics. She has been working as a Clinical Dietitian in Yeditepe University Hospital both with inpatients and outpatients between the years 2007-2011, and since then as a Lecturer in Yeditepe University, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics.
Abstract:
Probiotics, prebiotics or their combination (synbiotics) which are accepted as functional foods are attracting attention more and more as they have proved to have positive effects on human health. Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms which affects the host’s health beneficially by balancing the gut flora of the host. Prebiotics are non digestible natural carbohydrates and stimulate the proliferation of specific probiotic bacteria as Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria. Synbiotics are the defined as the combination of probiotics and prebiotics. Probiotics are known as they are able to be used for prevention and/or therapeutically for viral, bacterial or antibiotic associated diarrhea, constipation, lactose intolerance, infectious intestinal diseases such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Enterocolitis, Crohn’s Disease, gastrointestinal tumors, food allergies, osteoporosis and as immune modulators, and prebiotics have additional proven effects except promoting the proliferation of probiotics; like decreasing blood cholesterol levels, increasing mainly calcium and other mineral’s absorption, antimicrobic effect as a result of their fermentation which produces organic acids and decreases pH. Probiotics and prebiotics have a synergistic effect and provide an effective therapy for the diseases reasoned by the abnormal intestinal flora if they are used as a combination (synbiotics). In recent years, it has been discovered that there is a relationship between body weight and intestinal flora and a potential therapy for obesity with probiotics and the action mechanisms of probiotics on preventing from obesity are becoming highlights.
Vera P. Simovska
St. Kliment Ohridski†University, Macedonia
Title: Effects of high-inensity lifestyle intervention on increased cardiometabolic risk in truncal obese adults
Biography:
Vera P Simovska is Doctor of Medical Sciences (PhD) and Spec. of Sports Medicine. She is the only Subspec. of Nutrition and Director of Master Study of Nutrition in Macedonia. She was an expert in the Macedonian Ministry of Health, the European Commission (RTD/FP7, HORIZON 2020, Europe Aid) and the United Nation\'s International Platform on Sports for Development and Peace (2005). She was a national coordinator in several projects covered by the WHO from 2001 to 2015 (CINDI, Move for Health, HEPA Europe). She is an Ass. Professor and author of published over 100 original scientific articles and abstracts.
Abstract:
Obesity is a chronic disease that increases the risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) and type II diabetes (T2DM) and it’s a growing public health problem worldwide. The purpose of our study was to develop a model of therapeutic efficiency high-intensity lifestyle intervention intended for truncal obese adults with increased cardiometabolic risk. Within the randomised controlled trial at a group of truncal obese adults with risk factors for CHD and T2DM, we suggest the following two types of high-intensity lifestyle interventions: 1st-low fat, hyperprotein, restriction diet (RD) of 1200-kcal/d (female) and 1500-kcal/d (male) with low glycemic (GI) and atherogenic index, and a specific proportion among SFA, MUFA and PUFA. The 2nd-RD and the individually dosed physical activty (PA) with gradually, from low to moderate and peaks of high intensity (50%-60%-75% VO2 max) in accordance to the initial level of the individual aerobic capacity (VO2 max), expressed into METs. After 30 days there was increase energetic value of RD for 200-kcal/d in accordance with increased PA. The changes in anthropometric measures, metabolic profiles, VO2 max and BMR are evaluated after 30 and 50 days. The efficiency of the progammed PA in combination with RD represents a significant higher reduction of BMI (kg/m2), WHR, fat mass index, risk factors for CHD and metabolic complication (hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension and atherogenic indexes) associated with truncal obesity and significant improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness for 17.16% VO2 max from initial level.
Nileshkumar J Patel
Staten Island University Hospital, USA
Title: Impact of obesity on atrial fibrillation hospitalization
Biography:
Nileshkumar J Patel is a Graduate of B. J. Medical College, India. He did his internship at Ahmedabad Civil Hospital, a 2800 bed hospital and one of the largest community hospitals in Asia. Currently he is a 3rd year resident physician at Staten Island University Hospital, USA. He is fortunate to be part of more than 30 papers in reputed journals. His abstract on Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) outcomes received 3rd prize for best of the best abstract at Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Intervention Scientific Sessions. He will be pursuing Cardiology fellowship starting this July at Miami Miller School of Medicine.
Abstract:
Obesity has been attributed to almost 60% of the increase in atrial fibrillation (AF) incidence. Obese patients have a 45% to 50% increased risk for incident AF compared to participants with normal body mass index (BMI). Projected estimates are that by the year 2050 more than 10 million US citizens will have AF. This is the first study to investigate differences in frequency of AF related hospitalizations in obese vs. non obese patients.There were total 3,229,992 AF related hospitalizations between years 2000 and 2008. The relative increase in AF related hospitalizations among obese patients was 237.2% over the same period. Among obese patients, there is an exponential rise in AF related hospitalizations from 2000 through 2008, while the trend is linear among non obese patients. If the rise in AF related hospitalization continues to increase in a similar fashion, there will be 75,563 (95% CI: 50,229–113,675) AF related hospitalizations among obese population in 2020. Our data indicate that obesity has a major impact in AF related hospitalizations and both are likely to pose a large public health burden in the future. Aggressive risk factor modification, including management of obesity must be pursued to prevent AF related hospitalizations and thus reduce the “weight†on the health care system. It is further important to study the association between obesity and atrial fibrillation since obesity is a potentially reversible risk factor and intervention at this level may have major impact in cutting down the burden of two major epidemics.
Chia-Po Fu
Chung Shan Medical University, Taiwan.
Title: The effect of weight loss on epicardial adipose tissue thickness and its associative changes of cytokines in men with metabolic syndrome: a prospective weight reduction study.
Biography:
Chia-Po Fu graduated from Medical Faculty of Chung Shan Medical University in 2006 and completed his residency training and fellowship of Endocrinology and Metabolism at Taichung Veterans General Hospital. He was promoted as attending physician by his excellent performance in research. He and his colleagues published a series study of weight reduction, and he was also reviewer of many reputed journals. He won many awards by this series of weight reduction study. He is pursuing his PhD degree at Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University.
Abstract:
Obesity is a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension.Adipose tissue secretes numerous proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and adipokines. Furthermore, obesity was also correlated with depression and the possible mechanism remains unclear. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) induces activated inflammatory cells secreting cytokines, including soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L). In turn the serumsCD40L can trigger inflammatory responses. We initiated a prospective weight reduction study in men with metabolic syndrome and try to elucidated the effect of weight loss on epicardial fat thickness and insulin resistance, mechanism exploration of depression and (Brain-derived neurotrophic factor) BDNF, and its associative changes of cytokines, like paraoxonase-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), serum cystatin C, urinary N-acetyl glucosaminidase (NAG) and its indicative clinical significances. We also elucidated that different area of EAT thickness, examined by MRI, has different clinical significance and relationships with cytokines.
Ali Hussein albayati
University of Babylon, Iraq
Title: Diabetic Risk Assessment among Patients at Tertiary Teaching Hospital
Biography:
Ali Hussein albayati is a fully registered doctor in Iraqi Medical Association since 1999. He got his specialty in 2006 from Iraqi Board for Medical specialization since 2006. Nowadays, he is a faculty member in University of Babylon /College of Medicine (Assistant Professor) as well he is member of higher scientific committee of Merjan teaching hospital. He is a medico-legal expert in internal medicine and diabetes and Head of CME unit in Babylon medical college as well Head of Babylon endocrine and diabetes center. He is Member in AACE, ADA and ESE .he's national and international speaker about diabetes and endocrine diseases. Doctor Albayati is supervisor and trainer for the postgraduate student in diabetes and endocrine field .he attend many international meetings and conferences about diabetes and endocrine dysfunction. He have been awarded the excellence award from Babylon medical college and also from Merjan teaching hospital for his outstanding leadership and scientific abilities. He have also Leicester diabetes certificate in complete diabetes management.
Abstract:
The scoring system from Finnish Diabetes Association has been used to be the simplest and most practical, and informative to assess the risk of developing type II DM. this study has been carried out to evaluate the usefulness of the Finnish Diabetes Association scoring system in detecting asymptomatic DM. Furthermore, to determine the associations of scoring system with DM risk factors in a cross-sectional study at Tertiary Hospital. A hospital-based cross sectional study design was carried out on (300) free of DM patients at different outpatient clinics in Tertiary Teaching Hospital. The study duration was from July 2013 to January 2014. The results showed that, Out of 300 patients without DM, the overall mean of risk score for developing type II DM within 10 years risk score was (14.12± 6.12). Only (24.0%) of the patients were at very high risk for developing type II DM. High blood glucose were the (B= 0.368) strongest predictor to explain the risk score followed by family history of type II DM (B= 0.337) by using of standard linear multiple regression model. Multiple risk have been associated with developing of type II DM starting by age, central obesity, sedentary life style, low fibre diet, high prevalence of hypertension as well as genetic factor. Individuals’ awareness about their weight and the impact of sedentary life style needed more effort for primary DM prevention but still the strongest predictors of developing DM can be explain by high blood glucose and family history of having DM.